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• Parliamentary Reform Acts From Spartacus:
  • 1832 Reform Act
  • 1867 Reform Act
  • 1872 Secret Ballot Act
  • 1883 Corrupt Practices Act
  • 1884 Reform Act
  • 1885 Redistribution Act
  • 1918 Qualification of Women Act
  • 1928 Equal Franchise Act
• Political Movements & Pressure groups from Spartacus:
  • Actresses' Franchise League
  • Adult Suffrage Society
  • Anti-Suffrage League
  • Fabian Society
  • Kensington Society
  • Liberal Women's Suffrage Society
  • Men's League For Women's Suffrage
  • National Union of Suffrage Societies
  • Women Writers Suffrage League
  • Women Social & Political Union
  • Women's Writers Suffrage League
  • Women's Freedom League
  • Women's Industrial Council
  • Women's Industrial Council
  • Women's Freedom League
  • Women's Co-operative Guild

Policies 

• Class, Race and Gender Excellent article based on the Sylvia Pankhurst Memorial Lecture given September 2003 in Sheffield. Looks at the role of Sylvia in making the movement a mass one. However, does more than that: provides a clear overview of tactics, policies to a wide range of issues. By Prof Mary Davies
• The Effect of Militancy In the British Suffragette Movement  by Marcie Kligman. Complex article from the Welsh Communist party site. Well cited.

Documents 

• The Suffragettes Women and Parliament 1884-1945. Facsimile documents from the United Kingdom Parliament site. Followed by Part 2: The first women in Parliament 1919-1945
• Letters of Militant Suffragettes A wealth of documents, but needs patience (letters are emailed to you). Good for serious research

Men on British women campaigners  

• Men's League for Women's Suffrage Details and documentary support from Spartacus.
• Men and the Suffragettes BBC audio report (about 10mins). Discussion of men's contribution to The Cause and how they reconciled their masculinity with the fight for women's rights. 

  




4. The Campaign

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• The history of the suffragettes By Dominic Casciani BBC News Online
• The suffragettes Two short articles by the historian Diane Atkinson from the PBS Great War background series
• The Daily Express’ Reporting of Suffragette Crime 1913, long essay by Sadie Clifford, Sheffield University. The focus here is on the semantics of spin - the use of language by the Express to put over a view. Complex.
• Commercial places, public spaces: suffragette shops and the public sphere John Mercer. PhD piece, looks at the significance of suffrage "shops"
• Sean Lang on why the campaign failed before 1914 Hosted on school site from johndclare.net. Looks at Votes for Women in very structured way. Many subsidiary links in the format of the current guided learning UK style textbooks with each section having a basic outline narrative text, then documents and exercises. (includes the exercises used by the school - good practice). Worthwhile as a basic starter for structure
• Suffragists Lose Fight in the House: 1915 A reprint of the New York Times article (with text transcribed) January 12, 1915, detailing the loss of the suffrage amendment in the United States Congress. Includes statements from those who opposed the suffrage amendment and extended comments by Christabel Pankhurst.
• Sylvia Pankhurst and the east end suffragettes Interesting article from "Workers Power" site, arguing the importance of the female working class as opposed to the middle class politics of Pankhurst et al.
• The role of working class women in the campaign for the vote.
• Click here to listen to BBC Woman's Hour report on the suffragettes. BBC programme to mark the 100th anniversary of the Women's Social and Political Union. Needs RealPlayer
• Spy Pictures of Suffragettes Revealed Photos uncovered by the National Archives show how the police spied on the suffragettes. These covert images are perhaps the UK's first spy pictures .
• BBC Kent suffragette campaigns:
  • Dartford Suffragettes;
  • Thanet Suffragettes: 1906-9, 1910-14
• Scotland's forgotten sisters Scotsman article on the Scottish Suffragette movement
• ‘An Articulate and Definite Cry for Political Freedom’: the Ulster suffrage movement Diane Urquhart, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. This article analyses the development of the Ulster suffrage movement and assesses the impact of the third Irish home rule crisis of 1912-14 on the much lauded, although always tenuous, unity of Irish suffragism. Specialised but highlights the the role of the Ulster movement.
• Rebel Girls: The untold story of the suffragettes BBC audio report (about 10mins). Stories  re-discovered and told in full for the first time by Jill Liddington in her new book 'Rebel Girls'

5. World War 1 and Women

 

 

• Women in World War 1 Basic narrative from The Learning Site
• Women and war for document supported narrative from Spartacus. Very comprehensive on personalities
• Women and Employment on the Home Front During World War One  and also Women and the Military during World War One by Professor Joanna Bourke from the BBC
• Women's contribution to the War Articles by the historian Gayle Braybon from the PBS Great War background series
• The Women of World War I  extracts from the book "War and Gender" by Professor Joshua S. Goldstein. Looks at UK, USA and Russian women in war
• Mobilising Women in Great Britain. You need to enter '36' in the "Turn to Page" box to go to the Great Britain Chapter from Mobilizing woman-power by Harriet Stanton Blatch, 1918. This book (the entire book is available here) emphasizes the importance of women's contributions to World War I. It helps demonstrate the link British and American suffragists were making between wartime sacrifice and women's disenfranchisement. There is an interesting foreword by Theodore Roosevelt, which reveals his position on woman suffrage.
• Sisters at War In 1914, the Pankhursts put aside the suffragette struggle for a new campaign - the Great War. But now they were divided, between those who were in favour of it and those against. In this extract Paul Foot describes the culmination of the fight for votes for women (February 2005, The Guardian)
• The Pankhursts and the War: suffrage magazines and First World War propaganda  (Be patient, takes time to load this pdf....) Explores the literary response of the Pankhursts and their associates to the War, contrasting the patriotic zeal of Britannia with the radicalism of The Dreadnought, asking how these New Women used the press to win support for their various ideas. What devices did they employ and how successfully were they received by their contemporary readers? By Angela K Smith, University of Plymouth, Exmouth, United Kingdom (Read Abstract)
• The legacy of the Suffragettes BBC article to mark the 100th anniversary of the Women's Social and Political Union, better known as the Suffragettes. Contains audio interviews with academics and veteran campaigners and programmes.