• What is meant by charismatic leadership?   Click on this link to the University of Missouri to give you help with what is meant by charismatic leadership. The pages offer a checklist of what makes someone ‘charismatic’. The examples given are generally US figures of the 1960’s, but use the checklist to compare it against your chosen charismatic leaders.  §
• Charisma Article with a sociological bent by Thomas Robbin in the Encyclopedia of Religion and Society
• Charismatic Authority Concise article by Austin Cline subtitled: Emotional Bonds Between Leaders and Followers. Gives a theoretical basis for your study of the dictators.
• Secrets of leadership: Hitler & Churchill. Andrew Roberts draws comparisons between Winston Churchill and Adolf Hitler, and between true inspiration and mere charisma, in an analysis of what leadership entails. §
• When little men become big. (how destructive leaders become powerful through group dynamics) Joseph H. Berke article in History Today. Focus is on Hitler's rise but relates issues in a wider, modern context. §

 

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2. Political ideologies of the Left 
   

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See also the casahistoria pages  on Lenin · Stalin · Mao Tse-Tung and Castro

• Left-Wing Lingo, Ideologies and History  Many links are now dead but still a good place to see explanations of the differences between Communism, Socialism, Trotskyism, Democratic Marxism, and many other "-isms."
• Marx and Engels Collection Very large collection of speeches and writing. Set out chronologically from the Marx2Mao site.

Socialism

• Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Socialism. Excellent guide to source materials.

Marxism

• Marxism Made Simple An interesting, visually zippy overview of Marxism, with a Marxist slant and an inclusion of different contemporary views of Marxism with modern analogies. However, the site may bombard you with ads and requests to download other programmes .... Marxism and capitalism??
• Encyclopedia of Marxism An excellent resource - divided into glossaries of people, places, events, organizations, terms, and periodicals dealing with Marxism.
• Marxist Dreams and Soviet Realities An excellent essay from historian Ralph Raico (professor of history at the State University College at Buffalo and a senior fellow of the Institute for Humane Studies at George Mason University) on the ideology of the Soviet Union.
• Marxist Internet Archive A vast collection of full-text works and references ranging from the writings of Lenin to the Soviet Constitution. Includes a Students section on Learning what Marxism is about.
• Marx and Engels Collection Very large collection of speeches and writing. Set out chronologically from the Marx2Mao site.
• Communist Manifesto The Karl Marx and Frederick Engels classic, online in full.

Communism  

• The Museum of Communism. An anti communist site set up by the University of George Mason, Virginia. It does have interesting entries on:
  • Czarist Origins of Communism
  • Marxist Origins of Communism
  • Lenin and the First Communist Revolutions  

Leninism

See the casahistoria section Lenin: Ideas on the casahistoria Lenin page

Stalinism

See the casahistoria section Stalinism on the casahistoria Stalin pages

Anarchism

• Anarchy Archives Very useful site with comprehensive coverage of key anarchists and anarchist events. Hint: use the navigation bar above each picture to access the online collected works and publications, commentaries, bios. Includes micro sites for Proudhon, Bakunin, Malatesta, Kropotkin amongst others.
• For jihadist, read anarchist Article (Aug 2005) from The Economist. Looks at 19th century anarchism attacks and compares them with the present. Useful survey of anarchist attacks.

• Modern History Sourcebook: Mussolini: What is Fascism, 1932  From the  Modern History Source Book.   
• Journal of Historical Review - Italian Fascism  James B. Whisker details the history of fascism in Italy and presents his interpretation of the movement. Difficult but very thorough.
• Nichols, Leroy W. - Fascism Article by L W Nichols details the ideological roots of fascism and examines how the doctrine was applied to the Italian government. §
• Mussolini on Fascism  Read excerpts from a document on fascism Benito Mussolini helped write for Encyclopedia Italiana in 1932. 
• Eternal Fascism: Fourteen Ways of Looking at a Blackshirt Umberto Eco  Writing in New York Review of Books, 22 June 1995, pp.12-15. Excerpted in Utne Reader, November-December 1995, pp. 57-59. Clear listing of specific characteristics

Ideas behind National Socialism
 See also casahistoria page on Hitler

• Nazi Fascism and the Modern Totalitarian State A useful (teacher's) Guide to Nazi Fascism and the Modern Totalitarian State.
• Hitler's Book Mein Kampf Is Published The History Place. A synopsis of Mein Kampf and details about its publication.
• Adolf Hitler's Thoughts on the End of World War I Jennifer Rosenberg. Excerpt from Mein Kampf
• Lebensraum This page will give background to the concept

• Justicialism  Extracts (in English) from Juan Domingo Perón, Perónist Doctrine. Edited by the Perónist Party. (Buenos Aires, 1952). Modern History Sourcebook
• The Twenty Truths of the Peronist Movement (1940s) The Justicialist movement’s core tenets. §
• Juan Domingo Perón Argentine Presidential Messages Well indexed dating from 1946 onwards. The actual documents are shown as photocopied images. Note: Downloading can be slow! University of Texas.