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 |
 To
place these links in a global context at the time go to the
casahistoria
Imperialism
site. |
Genealogy has led to an explosion in sites as immigrant
descendants - especially ex European - seek to discover their roots.
The purpose of this site is not to be a guide to genealogical
research, but to link to sites that help explain the process and
significance of European immigration in the industrial period in its
broad historical context.
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Immigration and emigration
Concise, global overview from Lloyds Register, London
§
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Primer on Emigration, Immigration and Associated Subjects
general overview of the process and an introduction to the
language of immigration. By the Polish Genealogical Society of
America
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 Stalkers guide to international migration Clear
overview of the theory, history and implications of migration
- The
Promise of America Norwegian site, it focuses simply
and clearly on the key issues facing the European immigrant to
the Americas. A good introduction.
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Origins and the Journey Many good links to the
entire emigration/settlement process. US and Canada focus, but
good resources for topic including census data, links to many
emigrant handbooks and witness accounts. Produced by by Carolyn
Bierworth in Ontario as an education resource. This is the
Wayback link as the original site has been (unfortunately)
removed §.
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Emigration from Europe, 1815-1930 Google book version
with limited page viewing rights. Nonetheless you may find what
you are looking for. this takes you to the index. By
Dudley Baines, Economic History Society.
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Immigration Clear, detailed site looks at immigration
to Brazil (bottom of page has links to essays on seperate
European countries of origins) §
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TheShipsList Set up for research into family history,
but contains many valuable documents on the period for general
research:
Diaries & Journals |
Immigration Reports |
Illustrated London News Items The Trivia
section is also interesting (including one passage across
Panama In 1849)
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U.S.Immigration Collection From
Ancestry.com Ship passenger lists, naturalization records, ship
photos and more - but you do have to pay! (Although you can get
a free trial period if you know exactly what you want....)
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History of International migration 1800-1914
Very good place to start your studies. Clearly set out lecture
notes by Marlou Schrover, Univ of Leiden. Use the tabs for links
to notes on the other periods are:
Before 1500;
1500-1800;
1914-1945 and
Since 1945
(Decolonization;
Labour migration;
Refugees and Asylum seekers). Sections on:
2. Reasons for emigration
Economics
-
Migration Brief, but clear notes on the economic
theory behind emigration §
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Emigration From Ireland - Vice Or Virtue? looks
at the economic significance of emigration (an economics
essay...) by Patricia Broderick by Junior Sophister
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 Why emigrate? Uses emigrants from eastern Europe as the
example to highlight some of the key reasons why in a brief way.
Source: Auswanderungen aus Baden und dem Breisgau. By Werner
Hacker.
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The Economics of Mass Migrations - a useful research
primer by Jeffrey G. Williamson, NBER Research Associate in the
Program on Development of the American Economy and is the Laird
Bell Professor of Economics at Harvard. His "Profile" appears
later in this issue. The mass migrations that ended early in
this century raise four fundamental questions: What explains
them? How did they affect labour markets? Did their impact
create a policy backlash? Does the experience offer lessons for
today?
 Mass
Migrations in the Poor Periphery looks at the
economic consequences of 19th century migration. You may need an
economics qualification to follow some of the equations... by J
Williams, Harvard.
Persecution
Synthesis: Push/Pull factors
3. Process:
departure & crossing
Preparation
-
The Emigrants handbook What you would have needed to
know if you were considering emigrating one hundred years ago.
Read ‘The Emigrants Handbook published in 1864, for prospective
emigrants to Canada.
- Family
Colonization Loan Society Emigration Scheme - 1851. The
interesting and novel site exhibits an example of an emigration
scheme, was taken from the Belfast Gazette,1851. It is an
example of one of the many schemes that were made available to
encourage emigration - in this case to the fledgling colony of
Port Phillip, Australia
Ports of Departure
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Ports of Departure a list of links to European emigrant
ports, shipping lists. From the researcher site,
Cyndi's List. Very comprehensive with links to other
aspects of the (US) immigrant story.
-
Purfürst Migration Patterns A family history but useful as
it looks at the different routes open to US bound emigrants from
central & eastern Europe and describes entire journeys.
- Germany
-
Germany Emigration and Immigration Very useful (free)
research page from FamilySearch. apart from indicating where
to look for records it also gives an excellent
description/history of emigration through the main German
ports.
-
Bremerhaven A very useful site from the German
Emigrant Centre. Useful statistics, illustrations, concise
account of the uses and difficulties of using the remaining
evidence.
- Die MAUS -
Family History and Genealogical Society of Bremen
Passenger Lists and much more in a searchable database of
emigrants & ships who passed through Bremen. Includes
a listing by village of origin
- Hamburg:
- Great Britain:
-
Antwerp Emigration port Basic details and data of emigrant
numbers emigration ships from Antwerp pre 1914
-
Trieste as an emigration port Small but useful site about
the Adriatic port with images. See also
The port of Rijeka. From the very good Merika emigration
site
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The Tide of Emigration to The United States And to The British
Colonies Extracts from an article printed in the Illustrated
London News on Saturday July 6th 1850. It is a contemporary
account of the procedure of Emigration from the port of
Liverpool to the New World and the Colonies.
 Modern
Sources for Immigration Podcast. In depth look by Roger
Kershaw at key immigration sources at the UK National Archives
from inwards passenger lists and certificates of arrival to
alien registration cards, records of internment, and citizenship
papers. This is part 1. Part 2 can be downloaded
here.
The Voyage
Arrival
- Ellis Island (official
site) The official site of Ellis Island gives a brief
introduction to the museum near the Statue of Liberty in New
York Harbor.
-
Ellis Island - This online exhibit allows you to experience
Ellis Island as one of the over 12 million people who landed
here. The site contains audio and video clips.
- The National
Park Service Everything you ever wanted to know about Ellis
Island.
-
History Channel Exhibits: Ellis Island - These immigrants
passed through Ellis Island and went on to illustrious careers.
Assimilation
4. The Emigrants:
Great Britain
-
England |
Ireland |
Scotland |
Wales & emigration to
India Very useful research pages from FamilySearch providing
an overall background emigration history as well as indicating
where to look for records.
England
Ireland
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Interpreting The Irish Famine, 1846-1850 A useful
collection of links from The University of Virginia to primary
source materials online, including newspaper articles and
pictures. §
-
Views of the famine
Good reference site about the
Irish Famine with lots of original sources and pictures. Also
includes an extensive links section to help boost knowledge and
understanding of the topic. §
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Emigration to the US and to the British colonies (1850 article)
From Illustrated London news. Includes data for 1825-1850
- 1847 - The Famine Emigrants: A very comprehensive
look at the Famine Year of 1847. This project is still
under-way, but contains Newspaper Accounts, Ship Arrivals,
Orphans & Grosse Isle information, Miscellaneous Records, Ships
& Docks, Passenger Lists and Related Sites (off-site).
-
Patterns of Irish emigration to America, 1783-1800
Eire-Ireland: Journal of Irish Studies, 2001 by
Maurice J. Bric
- Ulster American Folk Park Website of the museum which
tells the story of emigration from Ulster to America in the 18th
& 19th centuries. Useful site.
-
The Irish in America I First of a pair of articles by
Charles Fanning from New Hibernia Review, 1998
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Irish in South America Useful bibliographic essay from the
Irish Diaspora
Studies (University of Bradford) Web site. By Brian McGinn
-
The Irish in Britain A Bibliographic essay by Donald
MacRaild from the Irish Diaspora Studies (University of Bradford) Web site
-
Oceans of Consolation: Personal Accounts of Irish
Migration to Australia by David Fitzpatrick. Detailed review by
Frances Devlin Glass. Journal of Australian Studies, 1995
-
A comparative study of emigration to the United States
from Ireland and Poland An odd comparison at first
glance, but there are economic & political parallels in this
article. Supported by data. §
-
Resources for Irish and Irish Immigration Studies
To research your own family links....From Southern Illinois
Univ.
Scotland
-
Scotland: Migration and Empire, 1830-1939
Scottish Education Government site for High Schools. Well &
clearly presented with excellent resources: documents,
powerpoints, video & audio
support. Key sections:
-
Passenger Lists of Ships leaving Scotland List of the
principal internet sources for searching for Scottish emigrants,
and also an impressive year-on-year compilation of ships
known to have left a Scottish port, or holding Scottish
passengers, from 1680 to 1910.
-
Poem: The Highland Clearance by Frank McNie
The Highland Clearance is a poem from the voice of an emigrant
who reluctantly must leave his home for the long boat ride to
Canada. The poem tells of the immense sense of betrayal
experienced by highlanders who had, for centuries, been able to
rely on their Lairds and Clan Chieftains for protection against
economic change. Found on this page of oral support for the
above site
-
The Migration of Scots Professor Tom Devine discusses the
migration of Scots, including misconceptions about the Highland
clearances and other factors that led to a movement overseas.
-
Emigrants and the Empire Witness expert views on the
Scots' contribution to the Empire, measuring their commercial,
political, cultural and scientific impact.
|
|
 British
in India See this site in addition to the sections on
British emigration in the core emigration sites:
|
5. The Emigrants II: Continental Europe
|
|
See also the detailed casahistoria core
emigration case studies on emigration from continental Europe
to specific countries:
|
Scandinavia
- European
Migration: Norway Basic site for starting research from The
Generations Network, Inc. with concise (but sometimes too
generalised) accounts, images, data, other links and sections
on:
Passenger Lists |
Reasons for Emigration |
Business with the emigrants |
Methods of Travel |
Where
did they go? |
Famous Emigrants |
Research Possibilities
- Norway Heritage
Excellent extensive resource in English for emigration from
Norway with thorough, well illustrated (photos/maps/posters)
sections on all aspects of emigration - not just a Norwegian
focus
- European
Migration: Sweden Basic site for starting research from The
Generations Network, Inc. with concise (but sometimes too
generalised) accounts, images, data, other links and sections
on:
Passenger Lists |
Reasons for Emigration |
Business with the emigrants |
Methods of Travel |
Where
did they go? |
Famous Emigrants |
Research Possibilities
-
A Review of Swedish Emigration to America.
Includes links to may other Swedish immigration sites.
- Swedish
emigration An EC funded project (Emile) which focuses on
emigrant letters written to people left behind in the old
countries. Unlike some of the other countries this is well
supported by letters & biographies of emigrants.
-
A Swedish Emigrant 100 years later
-
Immigrant Ship Transcribers Guild This links to the
manifests of immigrant ships from the Baltic ports. The site has
over 400 passenger manifests posted
-
The Finns in America Useful information about immigration
from Finland to the United States, and about the activities of
Finnish-American immigrants in the United States from the 17th
to the 20th centuries.
- Icelandic Emigration to the US. Why, how/ where? Well produced site
-
Denmark |
Finland |
Norway |
Sweden
Very useful research pages from
FamilySearch providing an overall background emigration history
as well as indicating where to look for records.
Western Europe
Eastern Europe
Germany
Jewish Diaspora
Southern & Central Europe
Italy & Greece
- European
Migration: Italy Basic site for starting research from The
Generations Network, Inc. with concise (but sometimes too
generalised) accounts, images, data, other links and sections
on:
Passenger Lists
|
Reasons for Emigration |
Methods of Travel |
Italian emigrants in America |
Famous Emigrants |
Research Possibilities
-
 Central
Europe and Emigration Very useful site with details of
emigrant routes, ports and most useful of all, many emigrant
stories.
-
Italian Migration Research article looking at
historic and current Italian emigration and emigration policies
by D Del Boca & A Venturini, Univ of Turin
-
Looking at the "other" Italians Brief article from
Tandem magazine looks at the diaspora of nearly 60-million
paisans stretches acrosss every continent
- Italian
emigration An EC funded project (Emile) which focuses on
emigrant letters written to people left behind in the old
countries. Unlike some of the other countries this is better
supported by letters & stories of emigrants.
-
Italians in Tanzania Short page on this offbeat
area of emigration. Many statistics
-
Italians in Brazil Data on Italian 19th century emigration
to Brazil. Google translates well.
-
How Italians taught Britons to laugh
Prof. Lucio Sponza examines the wave of immigration to the
United Kingdom
-
The experience of Italian immigrants to Scotland Scottish
Government site for High Schools looks at how Italians began to
arrive in Scotland from the late 19th century onwards. Initially
from northern areas such as Tuscany, emigration spread to the
south (Naples region) by the 1900s. Scotland saw an increase in
Italian immigrants when America changed its immigration policy
and restricted access for many of the poorest Europeans
-
Greece |
Italy Very useful research pages from FamilySearch providing
an overall background emigration history as well as indicating
where to look for records.
Spain & Portugal
6. Documents
General
Ships and Journeys
-
Disease and Immigration Concise outline of
illness during the voyage and documents from Spartacus
Educational
- Heritage
Ships. actually a site selling images of emigrant
ships but useful if you are looking for a particular one or want
to see what they looked like. Massive range no need to buy.
-
Section of the emigrant ship 'Bourneuf'
Section
of the emigrant ship 'Bourneuf' showing the arrangement of
passengers to Australia.
Witness accounts
-
Immigration to the United States UK Spartacus
site. Numerous, well set out witness accounts of European
immigration to the north from the UK spartacus site. accounts
well placed in context.
-
Letters from an Immigrant
- Bertha Starke Geerdts
came to Milwaukee from Germany 100 years ago. Although she was
happy in her new land, she never forgot her ties to her family,
and she wrote letters faithfully. This collection of her
correspondence in both German and English covers a span of time
from 1890 through 1911 and offers striking glimpses into the
ties that bind. The site also provides links to her family.
-
The
New Americans: Immigration, America's Story - New
Immigrants' personal stories rom the PBS site
-
Tracing Mormon Pioneers-Emigration Resources by
Region/Country The Mormon Church of Latter Day Saints
puts much time into researching family background. Their
resources for the period of European immigration are invaluable.
-
Route from Liverpool to Great Salt Lake Valley:
Facsimile of the 1855 published book, illustrated
with steel engravings and wood cuts from sketches made by
Frederick Piercy. Route from Liverpool ranks as the most
beautiful book published by Latter Day Saints. Many of its steel
engravings still have high artistic merit. Although it is now a
rare book, its illustrations still find their way into many
books written on Mormon history. Opens as pdf
Visual
7. Research your family emigrant
origins
- Immigrant Ancestors
Project Sponsored by the Center for Family History and
Genealogy at Brigham Young University, uses emigration registers
to locate information about the birthplaces of immigrants in
their native countries, which is not found in the port registers
and naturalization documents in the destination countries.
Excellent free resource.
-
 Family
Search Use this site to locate records that may contain
information about your ancestors. It can also help you find a
family history center near you.
- Ancestry.com--Genealogy
and Family History Records The site claims to be the
largest collection of family history records on the Web. Explore
your family tree! Now has a vast amount of (subscription
only - but you can usually get a 14 day free trial) emigration
related sections.
- Ancestors in America
This site can help visitors extend and enrich their perception
of the experiences of Asian immigrants to the United States.
Areas of particular interest include Ancestors , which contains
video clips from the series; Documents, which contains digital
versions of important documents throughout our history that
impacted directly on immigrants trying to establish themselves
in this country; Tell Us Your Stories, a section that encourages
visitors to tell their stories; and Discover Your Ancestors,
resources for conducting genealogy work.
-
India Genealogy Links Excellent and very thorugh site for
those seeking to research settlement in India
-
Family Histories - Family History in India Cathy Day's
excellent Resource. Essentially information regarding British,
European and Anglo-Indian family history in India, Burma,
Pakistan and Bangladesh. However very good for research into
specifics such as occupations, army regiments, life in general. §
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Families in British India Society Organization devoted to
members with an interest in researching their ancestors of
British and European origin in India and Southern Asia.
the core casahistoria european emigration sites:
European Emigration
Case Study 1: USA & Canada
Case Study 2: Argentina
Case Study 3: Australia
v10.11
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